F-1 (Ф1) Hand Grenade

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The F-1 (Ф1) is a Russian high-explosive fragmentation (HE-Frag) hand grenade, designed primarily for defensive anti-personnel (AP) use. The F-1 has become one of the most recognizable and widely used hand grenades in post-WWII military history. Its robust construction and lethal fragmentation capability make it highly effective in both combat and improvised applications, including booby traps (BTPs).

Origins and Development

The F-1 grenade is derived from the French F1 grenade introduced during World War I, sharing a similar segmented body for controlled fragmentation. After World War II, the Soviet Union adapted and refined the design for mass production, resulting in the modern F-1 variant. It has since been produced and copied in numerous countries, including Romania and the Czech Republic (designated RG-F1 in some versions).

Design and Function

The grenade features a cast steel body with deep external notches, providing excellent grip and consistent fragmentation upon detonation. This design enhances lethality while helping prevent slippage from the user’s hand.